FP22

Seasonal Storms: Risk Factors, Clinical Spectrum and Complications of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis

Study Design: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, hospital-based.
Purpose: To study risk factors, clinical presentation, complications, severity grading (Bonini et al.) and visual acuity impact in VKC.
Methods: 40 patients; February 2025 – May 2026; Ophthalmology OPD & IPD, Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni.
Results: Mean age 13.2 ± 5.6 years; males 90.0% (n=36); bilateral 72.5% (n=29). Mixed type predominant (50.0%, n=20). Itching most common (75.0%, n=30). Atopic history 65.0% (n=26); seasonal exacerbation 75.0% (n=30). Horner-Trantas dots 45.0% (n=18), giant papillae 80.0% (n=32), keratoconus 5.0% (n=2). Grade 2B most frequent (35.0%, n=14). VA 6/12 in 20.0% (n=8) of eyes.
Conclusion: VKC predominantly affects young males with mixed type disease. High rates of giant papillae and atopic history suggest aggressive, allergy-driven disease. Seasonal exacerbation warrants prophylactic treatment. Keratoconus screening essential. Early intervention prevents corneal morbidity.